Ib txoj kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob hu ua endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) yog siv los kho cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog txiav txiav, daim siab, lub gallbladder, thiab cov kua tsib. Lub hom phiaj, kev npaj, kev ua tiav, thiab kev saib xyuas tom qab ntawm tus txheej txheem ERCP yog tag nrho cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws hauv kab lus no.
Lub Hom Phiaj ntawm ERCP yog dab tsi?
1. Pom qhov txawv txav: ERCP tso cai rau cov kws kho mob pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob pancreatic, bile ducts, thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam. Nws pab nyob rau hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob xws li o, qog, strictures, thiab gallstones.
2. Kev Kho Hniav Hniav Ob Sab: ERCP ua rau nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm pob zeb, stents, thiab dilate strictures thiaj li yuav rov ua kom cov kua tsib li qub nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov hlab ntsha los yog cov hlab ntsha.
3. Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Kab Mob Pancreatic: Los ntawm kev muab cov duab qhia tseeb ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic, ERCP pab hauv kev ntsuam xyuas cov kab mob pancreatic xws li pancreatitis, pancreatic cysts, thiab pancreatic cancer.
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau npaj rau ERCP?
Cov neeg mob feem ntau raug txhawb kom ua raws li kev ceev faj hauv qab no ua ntej muaj ERCP:
* Kev tshuaj xyuas txog keeb kwm kho mob: Cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau muab cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kho mob zoo, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog txhua yam mob tam sim no, kev tsis haum tshuaj, tshuaj noj, thiab kev ua haujlwm lossis cov txheej txheem ua ntej.
* Kev yoo mov: Cov neeg mob raug qhia kom tsis txhob noj lossis haus rau lub sijhawm ua ntej, feem ntau yog rau mus rau yim teev ua ntej ERCP, txhawm rau lav qhov pom kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev nyab xeeb thoob plaws hauv txoj haujlwm.
* Kev Kho Tshuaj: Txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo los ntshav thaum lub sijhawm phais, cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau tso tseg ib ntus kev noj tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntshav thinners lossis anticoagulants.
* Kev pom zoo: Tom qab dhau qhov kev phom sij, qhov zoo, thiab cov kev xaiv muaj ntsig txog ERCP, tus neeg mob muab lawv qhov kev pom zoo.
Yuav ua li cas ERCP raug tua?
Muaj ntau ntau cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv ERCP txheej txheem:
1. Tus Neeg Mob Positioning: Feem ntau pw ntawm lawv sab laug lossis lub plab, tus neeg mob tau muab tso rau hauv lub rooj kuaj xyuas kom zoo.
2. tshuaj loog: Los lav kev nplij siab thiab so, tus neeg mob tau muab tshuaj sedation los yog tshuaj loog ua ntej kev kho mob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob muab tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV).
3. Endoscope Insertion: Ib lub raj me me, hloov tau lub npe hu ua endoscope yog ceev faj muab tso rau hauv txoj hlab pas los ntawm qhov ncauj thiab hauv caj dab. Nrog rau kev siv lub tshuab endoscope lub koob yees duab thiab lub teeb ci, lub plab zom mov sab saud tuaj yeem pom.
4. Duodenum Advancement: Lub endoscope yog ua tib zoo nce mus txog ntawm lub plab thiab mus rau hauv duodenum, thawj ntu ntawm txoj hnyuv me, siv cov lus qhia ntawm cov hlau. Cov kab mob pancreatic thiab cov ducts tuaj yeem nkag tau vim lawv qhov chaw.
5. Kev txhaj tshuaj zoo ib yam: Tom qab lub duodenum mus txog, cov kab mob pancreatic lossis cov kua tsib mus txog ntawm qhov endoscope nrog lub catheter tshwj xeeb tsim. Tom qab ntawd, ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm qhov sib txawv dye highlights cov qauv ntawm X-ray duab.
6. X-ray duab: Raws li cov kab mob pancreatic thiab bile ducts sau nrog cov xim sib txawv, cov duab X-ray raug muab coj los nthuav qhia cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov kabmob no. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau rau tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom qhov tsis xws luag lossis kev cuam tshuam.
7. Cov txheej txheem kho mob: ERCP yuav koom nrog cov txheej txheem kho mob xws li kuaj cov ntaub so ntswg (biopsy), stent implantation, lossis tshem pob zeb yog tias tsim nyog. (stent, biopsy forceps, thiab pob tawb / balloon rau pob zeb extraction) Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv thaum cov txheej txheem no, thiab lawv tau dhau los ntawm endoscope.
8. Kev tshem tawm Endoscope: Lub endoscope tau maj mam tshem tawm ntawm tus neeg mob lub plab zom mov tom qab kev kho ERCP tiav.
Kev saib xyuas tom qab txheej txheem: Cov neeg mob raug saib xyuas zoo rau cov teeb meem mob hnyav lossis tsis zoo rau kev phais tom qab ERCP. Ua raws li tus txheej txheem, qee yam yuav tsum xav txog yog:
* Kev rov zoo: Cov neeg mob yuav muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim ib ntus xws li tsis xis nyob hauv plab, tsam plab, lossis mob caj pas. Feem ntau, cov tsos mob no ploj mus ob peb teev lossis hnub.
* Kev txwv kev noj haus: Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tsis txaus siab, cov neeg mob yuav raug pom zoo kom tsis txhob noj lossis haus kom txog thaum lawv cov gag reflex rov qab los. Raws li kev zam, cov kua dej ntshiab tuaj yeem nce ntxiv rov qab rau hauv.
* Kev Tswj Tshuaj: Txhawm rau txo qhov tsis xis nyob lossis xeev siab tom qab ERCP, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj kho mob lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv xeev siab.
* Kev txwv tsis pub ua: Tom qab sedation, cov neeg mob feem ntau raug qhia kom tsis txhob tsav tsheb lossis siv lub tshuab rau lub sijhawm teem tseg. Nws tuaj yeem raug qhia kom so thiab koom nrog kev ua si tsawg kom txog thaum muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm sedation txo qis.
* Kev Saib Xyuas Tom Qab: Cov neeg mob yuav xav tau kev kho mob ntau dua, kev soj ntsuam tom qab, lossis kev soj ntsuam txuas ntxiv raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ERCP thiab cov kev ntsuas kho mob tau ua.
